IoT-Based Monitoring of Vital Signs and Indoor Environmental Factors Relevant to Asthma Management

K G. Gaya and A. Danladi​

Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Adamawa State University, Mubi, Nigeria

*Corresponding author’s Email: kennedygaya1@gmail.com, doi.org/10.55639/607.020100100


ABSTRACT

Asthma management requires continuous monitoring of environmental triggers (indoor temperature, humidity, and air quality) and physiological parameters (body temperature, pulse rate, and Electrocardiography) to enable early detection of exacerbations. This study presents the development and validation of a low-cost, integrated sensor system utilizing commercially available modules: MLX90614 for non-contact body temperature, DHT11 for temperature and humidity, MAX30100 for pulse rate, MQ-135 for air quality, and AD8232 for ECG-derived heart rate monitoring. Sensor performance was evaluated against reference instruments (digital thermometer, thermo-hygrometer, Polar H10 chest strap, and multi-gas analyzer) at three daily time points (7 am, 12 noon, and 7 pm) over six days. The system was validated on one healthy adult volunteer (male, 35 years) over six consecutive days under typical indoor residential conditions in Mubi, Nigeria (3 daily time points: 7 am, 12 noon, 7 pm; total n = 18 paired measurements per sensor). Validation results showed high accuracy and precision across all sensors. This affordable system offers a promising solution for non-invasive, continuous monitoring of asthma-related parameters, potentially supporting proactive management, reducing exacerbation risks, and improving quality of life for asthmatic patients.

KEYWORDS

Environmental Triggers, Internet of Things, Low-Cost Sensors, Asthma Monitoring.

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