Surface Water Comparative Assessment of Physicochemical Properties of Channels Effluent and New Gusau Reservoir, Zamfara State, Nigeria

1Sani, Z. R and 2Rabiu, S

1Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Gusau, Zamfara State Nigeria
2Department of Biological Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author: rszurme@gmail.com


ABSTRACT

This study was undertaken from February 2019 to July 2020 to assess the surface water physicochemical quality of the New Gusau reservoir and its impact on effluent channels of Yar Dantse (YDS), Yar Dole (YDL), and Yar Rumfa (YRF), which empty their content into New Gusau Reservoir (NGR). Samples were collected using purposive sampling from nine sampling points. Insitu measurement of pH, temperature (oC), Conductivity (EC), Total dissolved solid (TDS), Dissolved oxygen (DO), and Biological oxygen demand (BOD) were conducted using a Multifunctional meter. The result was analyzed using the standard procedure for examination of water and wastewater system and one-way ANOVA technique with a significant difference set at p<0.05. The result shows mean seasonal variations in surface water parameters; The pH varies from 6.89±.086 to 6.97±.073, temperature (oC) ranges from 27.26±.184 to 27.78±.234 across the effluent channels, EC fluctuated between 257.35±31.475 and 475.35±56.595, TDS in parts per million (ppm) ranges from 134.90±13.518 to 237.61±27.467, while DO varies from 6.18±.102 to 6.85±.042 and finally, BOD ranges between 2.49±.062 to 3.20±.161 in YDS, YDL, YRF, and NGR respectively. The result of all selected physicochemical parameters revealed significant (p˂0.05) seasonal sites variations except the pH and temperature which shows otherwise. Furthermore, all the parameters investigated were within the WHO acceptable limits except for EC. Therefore, the New Gusau Reservoir (NGR) is not polluted based on this finding.

Keywords and Phrases:

Dissolved Oxygen,
Electrical Conductivity,
pH,
Reservoir,
Temperature