J. Hamza1, G. J. Sow 1 and A. J. Natala 3, I. S. Ndams 1,2
1Department of Zoology, Faculty of life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
2Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology,
ACENTDFB, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
3Department of Entomology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
*Corresponding author’s Email: jhmbaya@gmail.com, doi.org/10.55639/607.020100113
ABSTRACT
Gastrointestinal helminth infections, particularly strongyle nematodes, remain a major constraint to cattle health, productivity, and livelihoods in tropical regions. Within a One Health framework, they affect animal production, contribute to pasture contamination, and indirectly impact human well-being through food security and ecosystem interactions. This study assessed the prevalence, risk factors, and spatial epidemiology of strongyle infections in cattle in northern Gombe State, Nigeria. A total of 1,694 faecal samples were analyzed using flotation techniques, with 671 positives, giving an overall prevalence of 39.61%. Prevalence varied significantly across Local Government Areas (χ² = 32.749, p < 0.001), indicating spatial heterogeneity. Age and sex were not significantly associated with infection (p > 0.05), but body condition score was (p = 0.013), with poorly conditioned cattle more likely to be infected (OR = 1.432; 95% CI: 1.084–1.893). Breed differences were observed, with Sokoto Gudali showing higher prevalence (57.89%, p = 0.031). Geospatial analyses using GIS, IDW, and GWR showed widespread infection (21.82%–53.37%) and strong spatial variation. Vegetation (β = 3.95) and temperature (β = 2.52) were key predictors, soil texture had moderate influence (β = 0.87), and rainfall showed a weak negative effect (β = −0.02). Spatial non-stationarity supported the use of local models. High-risk areas were identified in Funakaye, Kwami, and parts of Gombe, with moderate risk in Dukku and central zones. These findings highlight the need for spatially targeted, One Health-based control strategies, including deworming, pasture management, and climate-informed surveillance, and demonstrate the value of geospatial modelling for precision livestock health management in northeastern Nigeria.
KEYWORDS
Prevalence,
Strongyles,
Cattle,
Herds.

