Response Surface Methodology for the Optimization of Cadmium Ion Adsorption using Activated Carbon

David Ebuka Arthur, Ibrahim Kabir Muduru, Bilyamin Junior Abdulkadir, Mohammed Abba Shettima, Kanadi Aaron Andema, Maryam Mohammed, Maimuna Hassasn Tahir

Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Maiduguri P.M.B 1044, Borno, Nigeria

*Corresponding author: eadavid@unimaid.edu.ng, doi.org/10.55639/607.848382


ABSTRACT

Adsorption refers to the process of chemical species adhering to the surface of particles. Activated carbon, also known as activated charcoal, is a type of carbon widely utilized for purifying water and air by filtering out various contaminants. One of the transition metals, Cadmium (Cd), situated in the dblock and 12th group of the periodic table, possesses toxic and poisonous properties. Absorbent material was prepared using standard method. The absorbate was prepared by dissolving cadmium nitrate in distilled water. Different volume of the solution was added absorbate and later filtered and atomic adsorption Spectroscopy (AAS) was carried out. The potential of Activated carbon for removal of cadmium from contaminated water, it was found that highest efficiency in terms of percentage removal was achieved at 50 ppm initial metal ion concentration of Cadmium. The highest percentage removal was 98.5% confidence level. Therefore, the hypothesis that Activated carbon adsorbents are effective in removal of cadmium (II) ion from contaminated water at different experimental conditions is upheld

Keywords:

Cadmium,
Adsorption,
Contact time,
Design-expert 12,
Adsorbent dose