Prevalence and Phenotypic Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Community- and Hospital-Acquired Metallo- Beta-LactamasesProducing Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Wound Infections in Maiduguri, Nigeria

Tijani Isa*, Adam Mustapha, Ibrahim Yusuf Ngoshe, Hauwa Musa, Musa Markus Zafi, Usman Ali Bukar, and Aminatu Umar Faruk

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

*Corresponding author: tjelyakub@gmail.com, doi.org/10.55639/607.121110


ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is among the most common bacterial pathogens isolated from wounds worldwide, both in number of cases per year and in terms of the high prevalence of antibiotic resistance. The resistance is attributed to the production of metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs). In this study, P. aeruginosa was isolated and identified from wound samples using Bergey’s Manual of Systemic Bacteriology. Wound swab samples were inoculated in to MacConkey agar and Cetrimide agar. The EDTA disk testing method and modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was conducted to determine the phenotypic characterization and antimicrobial profile of MβLs-producing P. aeruginosa. The results of this study shows that Out of the ninety eight (98) samples examined, 17 yielded positive growths for P. aeruginosa, giving a prevalence rate of 17.3%. The prevalence of MβLs- producing strains of P. aeruginosa was 9/17(52.9%) which was highest among female 5/17 (29.41%), compared to 4/17 (23.52%) observed among male. Patients who are 61 years or older recorded the highest prevalence rate of 17.65% (3/17) compared to those less than 61 years old 11.76% (2/17). The prevalence of MβLs positive isolates showed that most of the isolates were recovered from community-based submission 6/17 (35.29%) compared to 3/17 (17.65%) observed from the hospital samples. The antimicrobial profile of MβLsproducing P. aeruginosa isolates indicated a 100% resistance against imipenem 10 µg, cefepime 30 µg and ceftazidime 30 µg, while 56% of the isolates were susceptible to meropenem 10 µg and 45% were susceptible to ciprofloxacin 5 µg. Therefore, this study has illustrated that MβLs- producing P. aeruginosa strains exhibited distinct prevalence among community- and hospital- based submission. Phenotypic antibiotic resistance was increasingly high and appears to be linked to the presence of MβL enzymes.

Keywords:

Metallo-beta-lactamases,
P. aeruginosa,
Antibiotic resistance,
Wound infection,
Hospital- acquired
infection